Udaya Studios is the oldest film production studio in the Malayalam film industry of India. It was established in 1947 by director-producer Kunchacko (1912–1976) and film distributor K. V. Koshy in Pathirappally, Alappuzha in Kerala. The studio influenced the gradual shift of Malayalam film industry from its original base of Madras, Tamil Nadu to Kerala, now considered a miletsone in the history of Malayalam film industry., and the first film of studio was Vellinakshatram (1949).
The films, produced at the studio, were produced under the banner of K & K Combines, and later under Excel Productions (also spelt X. L. Productions). Udaya's professional rivalry with P. Subramaniam's Merryland Studio was quite famous.
Bharath Gopi plays the role of a Judge, who retires with his last judgement - a capital punishment. He had sentenced many people to their death, and later in the evening of his life remorse sets in and he becomes obsessed with whether he was right in hanging all those people.
Prince Salim falls in love with Anarkali, a courtesan in his father Akbar's kingdom. Akbar forbids Salim to prolong this affair as he wanted his son to marry a Rajput princess and thereby strengthen communal harmony. So Akbar forbade Saleem from seeing Anarkali again. But Salim becomes blind in his love for Anarkali leading to a struggle between father and his adamant son. All of Akbar and Minister Man Singh's attempts to separate the lovers fail.
Kochappi (Muthiah) is the neighbor of Kuncheria (Kottarakara Sreedharan Nair), a bullock cart owner. Kochappi is a ferry owner and his son Anthony (Satyan) is in love with Kuncheria's daughter Rahel (Sharada). Their parents decide to get them married according to the wish of Rahel and Anthony. Chandy (Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair) is a rich landlord of the village and his son Rajan (Prem Nazir) returns to his village after doing his studies abroad. Rajan gets attracted to Rahel and approach her parents to express the interest to marry her. In fact Rajan was unaware of Rahel's relationship with Anthony. Chandy refuses Rajan's proposal only because Rahel is poor, but finally agreed with his sons wish. Rahel's greedy parents agrees with Rajan's proposal forgetting the promise they have made to Anothony's parent. This decision creates enmity between both families, who were once good neighbors. Rahel is helpless and unable to object. Anthony falls ill and dies on the day of Rahel's marriage with Rajan. Unable to bear the grief she faints and dies after a few days. Rahel is cremated near the grave of Anthony.
The film tells the story of a feud between two families, Thonnooram Veedu and Kaippulli Paalattu Tharavadu. Chandrappan (Kottayam Chellappan) is the head of Thonnooram Veedu. He has an eye on the treasure kept in an underground cell of the Paalaattu mansion. A dispute between the children of the two families results in a bloody fight. Chandrappan kills the husband and all nine children of Kunki Amma (Rushyendramani) of the Paalaattu family.
Polygamy is the theme of the film. An illiterate rich landlord Aboobacker Haji married three times and divorced all the three wives. His next aim is to get married again which according to traditions will be his last marriage. He gets married to Ibrahim Kakka's daughter Ayisha. Ayisha gives birth to a daughter and a maid servant named Khadeeja is appointed to take care of the child.
Soman (Thikkurissi) is brought up by his elder brother Raju (Sebastian Kunjukunju Bhagavathar) and his shrewish wife Janu (Pankajavalli). Soman is in love with Lakshmi (B. S. Saroja), the daughter of a poor village performer Kaniyan (Adhimoolam) who belongs to a lower caste. Raju, employed by the zamindar (Nanukuttan) and Janu resent the inter-caste marriage between Soman and Lakshmi.
Nallannan is the King of Madhurapuri. His sister Nalla Thanka is married to Somanathan, the King of neighbouring country Ratnapuri. Alankari, the wicked queen of Madhurapuri becomes envious of the happy married life of Nalla Thanka. Years pass and one day, drought strikes Ratnapuri. Nalla Thanka and her seven children seeks refuge in Nallannan's palace. Nallannan promises all help while Alankari tortures Nalla Thanka. But Nalla Thanka hides the misdeeds of Alankari from her brother as she does not want their family life to be disturbed.