Jack Murray

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Birth name John Wyncoup Murray Jr.
Nationality USA
Birth 20 march 1909
Death 7 february 1961 (at 51 years)

Jack Murray (1900-1961) was an American film editor with about fifty-five feature film credits between 1929 and 1961. Fifteen of these films were with the director John Ford. Their collaboration commenced with The Prisoner of Shark Island (1936), which was produced when both men were working at the 20th Century Fox studio. It encompassed such well-known films as The Quiet Man (1952) and The Searchers (1956), and ended only with Murray's death in 1961.

Essentially nothing has been published about Murray's early life or about the first phase of his career. In this phase, from 1929 - 1939, Murray had more than 30 feature film credits for the 20th Century Fox studio and its predecessors. Among his credits are Will Rogers' final film, In Old Kentucky (1935), and two films starring Shirley Temple (Curly Top (1935) and Poor Little Rich Girl (1936)). In addition to the film with Ford, in this period Murray edited films directed by Irving Cummings, H. Bruce Humberstone, and George Marshall, among others.

After 1939, there are no further feature films crediting Murray until 1947, when he edited a second film with Ford, The Fugitive (1947). This was also the first film produced following the reorganization of Ford's independent production company, Argosy Pictures, which Ford and his partners created to gain more independence of the major studios that controlled most film production in that era. Tag Gallagher notes that, while the film was a disastrous start for Argosy, "in terms of composition, lighting and editing, The Fugitive may be among the most enjoyable pictures." Murray's collaboration with Ford continued through seven more films from Argosy Pictures, which folded after producing The Sun Shines Bright (1953). After The Sun Shines Bright, Murray edited six additional films with Ford.

For his studio films after 1947, Ford worked with other editors as well as with Murray. Thus What Price Glory? (1952) was produced at 20th Century Fox and was edited by Dorothy Spencer, who had previously edited Ford's Stagecoach (1939) and My Darling Clementine (1946). Murray edited Mister Roberts (1955), which was produced by Warner Bros.. Murray also occasionally edited with other directors in this period (cf. Tarzan's Peril (1951), The Steel Claw (1961)). Murray's last film with Ford was Two Rode Together (1961); Murray died in 1961.

Among the most celebrated of the films edited by Murray were The Quiet Man (1952) and The Searchers (1956), both directed by Ford and produced independently of the major studios. The Quiet Man received multiple Academy Award nominations, although not for editing. The Searchers was in the first group of 25 films selected in 1989 for the US National Film Registry. It was ranked as the seventh greatest film ever made on the 2012 decennial international survey of film critics by the British Film Institute.. The period of Murray's collaboration with Ford after 1947 has been summarized by Tag Gallagher as one "distinguished by the vitality of its invention, at every level of cinema, but with particular intensity in montage, motion, and music." The term "montage" refers to the editing of these films. While the individual contributions of Ford and of Murray to the editing of the theatrical release versions of these films aren't well known, Murray was responsible for the first, editor's cuts. Ford rarely set foot in the cutting room. Michael A. Hoey worked as Murray's assistant on Sergeant Rutledge (1960). His memoir suggests that Ford did largely entrust the editing of his films to Murray; Hoey writes of the screening of Murray's cut for Ford that it "... went well with surprisingly few notes, but after all Jack Murray had been editing John Ford's films since 1936's The Prisoner of Shark Island and knew the Old Man's taste better than he did himself."

Murray was elected to membership in the American Cinema Editors shortly after its formation in 1950.

Biography

Jack Murray débute comme monteur sur un film sorti en 1929 et travaille entre autres dans les années 1930 sur quatre réalisations de Raoul Walsh, dont Le Passeport jaune (1931, avec Elissa Landi et Lionel Barrymore). Durant cette même période, signalons aussi deux films réalisés par Irving Cummings ayant pour jeune vedette Shirley Temple, Boucles d'or (1935) et Pauvre petite fille riche (version de 1936).

Cette même année 1936 sort Je n'ai pas tué Lincoln (avec Warner Baxter et Gloria Stuart) qui lui permet de collaborer pour la première fois avec son réalisateur, John Ford. Il le retrouve sur quatorze autres films à partir de Dieu est mort (1947, avec Henry Fonda et Dolores del Río), en passant notamment par La Charge héroïque (1949, avec John Wayne et Victor McLaglen), L'Homme tranquille (1952, avec John Wayne et Maureen O'Hara) et La Prisonnière du désert (1956, avec John Wayne et Jeffrey Hunter).

Le dernier des cinquante-sept films américains que Jack Murray monte est Les Deux Cavaliers du même John Ford (avec James Stewart et Richard Widmark), sorti le 26 juillet 1961, à peine moins de six mois après sa mort prématurée (à 60 ans).

En dehors des réalisations de John Ford, citons encore La Rivière rouge d'Howard Hawks et Arthur Rosson (1948, avec John Wayne et Montgomery Clift), Big Jim McLain d'Edward Ludwig (1952, avec John Wayne et Nancy Olson) et China Doll de Frank Borzage (1958, avec Victor Mature et Ward Bond).