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Natalie Kalmus is a Scriptwriter, Other, Color Grading, Art Direction, Color Designer and Technical Advisor American born on 7 april 1882

Natalie Kalmus

Natalie Kalmus
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Nationality USA
Birth 7 april 1882
Death 15 november 1965 (at 83 years)

Natalie Kalmus, née Dunfee ou Dunphy (7 avril 1882, Houlton, Maine – 15 novembre 1965, Boston, Massachusetts) est créditée comme « superviseur de la couleur » ou « directeur artistique Technicolor » de la plupart des longs métrages en couleurs réalisés avec ce procédé entre 1934 et 1949. Entre le 23 juillet 1902 et le 22 juin 1922, elle fut l’épouse de Herbert Kalmus, fondateur de la Technicolor Motion Picture Corporation et co-inventeur du procédé Technicolor. Après leur divorce, elle fut encore sa compagne jusqu'en 1944

Biography

Natalie Kalmus fut d’abord étudiante en arts, et elle fréquenta de nombreux cours, à l’Université de Zurich, à celle de John B. Stetson (inventeur du célèbre chapeau) à DeLand (en Floride), la School of Art de Boston, la Curry School of Expression (Boston), et l’Université Queen's de Kingston (Ontario, Canada). C’est ainsi qu’elle étudia le rôle et le sens des couleurs dans la peinture.
Après ses études, en 1902, elle se marie avec Herbert Kalmus, qui, dix ans plus tard, fonde la société Technicolor avec deux de ses camarades d’université. Les associés développent dès 1915 le procédé Technicolor, d’abord à captation de deux couleurs (rouge et vert), puis le célèbre Technicolor trichrome (rouge, vert, bleu).
Natalie Kalmus est subjuguée par ce procédé qui lui permet d’énoncer des principes d’utilisation de la couleur dans les films, nourris par ses études universitaires. Herbert Kalmus et ses associés l’imposent dès lors qu’une société de production demande une licence d’utilisation du Technicolor pour le tournage d’un film. En 1922, dès le Technicolor à deux couleurs, elle fait partie du procédé sous l’appellation du Color Advisory Service ou Technicolor Color-Control Department.

Lorsque Herbert Kalmus annonce son remariage en 1948, Natalie Kalmus, seule, ne peut faire face à la fronde des créateurs, producteurs et réalisateurs. À partir de 1951, elle ne sera plus présente obligatoirement sur les plateaux en tant que référente Technicolor. D’ailleurs, les films seront désormais tournés sur pellicule monopack Eastmancolor, plus économique et moins encombrante que le Technicolor trichrome de prise de vues. En revanche, les tirages se feront toujours (et encore récemment) avec le procédé de type imprimerie par quatre matrices d’impression (rouge, vert, bleu, noir).

Natalie Kalmus concède dans les années 1950 une licence d’utilisation de son nom avec un groupe de décorateurs pour des films de télévision.

Ses écrits sur la couleur au cinéma sont conservés par l’Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (Oscars du cinéma dans le fonds Margaret Herrick.

Best films

Song of the South (1946)
(Colorist)
For Whom the Bell Tolls (1943)
(Color Grading)
Easter Parade (1948)
(Other)
Joan of Arc (1948)
(Other)
The Black Swan (1942)
(Other)
Unconquered (1947)
(Color Grading)

Usually with

Ray Rennahan
Ray Rennahan
(10 films)
Hans Dreier
Hans Dreier
(10 films)
Roger Heman Sr.
Roger Heman Sr.
(10 films)
Thomas Little
Thomas Little
(10 films)
Source : Wikidata

Filmography of Natalie Kalmus (51 films)

Display filmography as list

Scriptwriter

Cameraman

Red Canyon
Red Canyon (1949)
, 1h22
Directed by George Sherman
Origin USA
Genres Western
Actors Ann Blyth, Howard Duff, George Brent, Edgar Buchanan, John McIntire, Chill Wills
Roles Other
Rating62% 3.1431853.1431853.1431853.1431853.143185
Lin Shoane, un cow boy solitaire, tombe amoureux de Lucy Bostel, la fille d'un éleveur de chevaux. Mais ce dernier soupçonne Lin d'être le fils d'un voleur…
Streets of Laredo, 1h33
Directed by Leslie Fenton
Origin USA
Genres Western
Actors William Holden, Macdonald Carey, Mona Freeman, William Bendix, Stanley Ridges, Alfonso Bedoya
Roles Other
Rating65% 3.2914453.2914453.2914453.2914453.291445
A trio of outlaws, Jim Dawkins (Holden), Loren Renning (Carey), and Reuben "Wahoo" Jones (Bendix), rob a stage. But when a young lady, Rannie Carter (Freeman), is menaced by rich and ruthless Charley Calico (Alfonso Bedoya) after her father is killed, the robbers come to her rescue. They run him off, then pay old Pop Lint (Clem Bevans) to watch over her at his ranch.
Calamity Jane and Sam Bass, 1h25
Directed by George Sherman
Origin USA
Genres Action, Historical, Western
Actors Yvonne De Carlo, Lloyd Bridges, Howard Duff, Dorothy Hart, Willard Parker, Norman Lloyd
Roles Other
Rating59% 2.9519552.9519552.9519552.9519552.951955
Sam Bass débarque dans une petite ville pour y trouver un emploi. Mal reçu par le sheriff du lieu qui n'aime pas les joueurs, il fait la connaissance de Calamity Jane et finit sur la pression de l'entourage à trouver un emploi chez ce même sheriff. Là, il tombe amoureux de la soeur de ce dernier et promet de l'épouser. Avant cela il souhaite faire fortune en acquérant un cheval de course qu'il inscrit à une compétition dans la ville d'Albuquerque. Il y mise non seulement son argent personnel mais aussi celui des ranchers pour lesquels il travaille après s'être querellé avec le sheriff. Malheureusement la course est truquée et Sam Bass doit maintenant récupérer les 16000 dollars correspondants. Il attaque le convoi qui transporte l'argent et est désormais poursuivi pour attaque à main armée, puis pour meurtre.
Scott of the Antarctic, 1h51
Directed by Charles Frend
Origin United-kingdom
Genres Drama, Biography, Action, Adventure, Historical
Themes Seafaring films, Transport films
Actors John Mills, James Robertson Justice, Barry Letts, Harold Warrender, Kenneth More, Derek Bond
Roles Other
Rating69% 3.4976553.4976553.4976553.4976553.497655
Captain Scott is given the men, but not the funds, to go on a second expedition to the Antarctic. As his wife works on a bust of him, she tells him that she's "not the least jealous" that he's going to the Antarctic again. The wife of a Dr. E. A. Wilson whom Scott hopes to recruit has a very different opinion from Scott's wife, but Wilson agrees to go. Scott also visits Fridtjof Nansen, who insists that a polar expedition must use only dogs, not machines or horses. Scott goes on a fundraising campaign, and despite popular scepticism, manages to raise enough money to fund the expedition.
Easter Parade, 1h47
Directed by Charles Walters
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Comedy, Musical, Romance
Themes Dance films, Films about music and musicians, Musical films
Actors Judy Garland, Fred Astaire, Peter Lawford, Ann Miller, Jules Munshin, Liza Minnelli
Roles Other
Rating72% 3.6468053.6468053.6468053.6468053.646805
In 1912, Broadway star Don Hewes (Fred Astaire) is buying Easter presents for his sweetheart, starting with a hat and some flowers ("Happy Easter"). He goes into a toy shop and buys a cuddly Easter rabbit, after persuading a young boy to part with it and buy a set of drums instead ("Drum Crazy"). Hewes takes the gifts to his dancing partner, Nadine Hale (Ann Miller), who explains that she has an offer for a show that would feature her as a solo star. Don tries to change her mind and it looks as if he has succeeded ("It Only Happens When I Dance With You"), until Don's best friend, Johnny (Peter Lawford), turns up. Nadine reveals that she and Don are no longer a team and it becomes obvious that Nadine is attracted to Johnny. She does continue to try and pursue him, but he politely refuses her relationship out of respect for Don.
Whispering Smith, 1h25
Directed by Leslie Fenton
Origin USA
Genres Action, Western
Themes Transport films, Rail transport films
Actors Alan Ladd, Robert Preston, Brenda Marshall, Donald Crisp, Fay Holden, William Demarest
Roles Other
Rating65% 3.2964753.2964753.2964753.2964753.296475
The bad Barton boys—Blake, Leroy and Gabby—rob a train and shoot a guard. Luke Smith, known as "Whispering" to some for his quiet, sly ways, is a detective for the railroad, sent to investigate.
Joan of Arc, 2h25
Directed by Richard Rosson, Victor Fleming
Origin USA
Genres Drama, War, Historical
Themes Films about religion, Jeanne d'Arc, Political films, Films based on plays, Histoire de France
Actors Ingrid Bergman, José Ferrer, Francis L. Sullivan, J. Carrol Naish, George Coulouris, Gene Lockhart
Roles Other
Rating63% 3.1966453.1966453.1966453.1966453.196645
Unlike the play Joan of Lorraine, which is a drama that shows how the story of Joan affects a group of actors who are performing it, the film is a straightforward recounting of the life of the French heroine. It begins with an obviously painted shot of the inside of a basilica with a shaft of light, possibly descending from heaven, shining down from the ceiling, and a solemn off-screen voice pronouncing the canonization of the Maid of Orleans. Then, the opening page of what appears to be a church manuscript recounting Joan's life in Latin is shown on the screen, while some uncredited voiceover narration by actor Shepperd Strudwick sets up the tale. The actual story of Joan then begins, from the time she becomes convinced that she has been divinely called to save France to her being burnt at the stake at the hands of the English and the Burgundians.
Desert Fury, 1h35
Directed by Lewis Allen, Gerd Oswald
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Thriller, Noir, Crime, Romance
Actors Lizabeth Scott, John Hodiak, Burt Lancaster, Mary Astor, Wendell Corey, Kristine Miller
Roles Other
Rating64% 3.245793.245793.245793.245793.24579
Fritzi Haller (Mary Astor) is the tough owner of a saloon and casino in the small fictional mining town of Chuckawalla, Nevada. Her daughter, Paula Haller (Lizabeth Scott), has just quit school and returned home at the same time that gangster Eddie Bendix (John Hodiak) has returned. He was once involved with Fritzi, but left town under suspicion of murdering his wife.
I Wonder Who's Kissing Her Now, 1h44
Directed by June Haver, George Jessel, Lloyd Bacon, Lewis R. Foster
Origin USA
Genres Biography, Musical, Romance
Themes Films about music and musicians, Musical films, Children's films
Actors June Haver, Mark Stevens, Martha Stewart, Reginald Gardiner, Lenore Aubert, William Frawley
Roles Other
Rating64% 3.2384653.2384653.2384653.2384653.238465
Set in the turn of the 20th century, the film focuses on Joseph E. Howard, an aspiring songwriter who happily sells a song to performer Lulu Madison, who later takes sole credit for the writing. He angrily confronts her, but she distracts him by seducing him in her hotel suite. Thinking that she can use Joe's talent for her career, she invites him to serve as her personal piano player on her tour. He accepts her invitation and bids farewell to Katie, the young niece of his guardian John McCullem who reluctantly says goodbye.
Margie
Margie (1946)
, 1h35
Directed by Henry King
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Comedy, Comedy-drama, Romantic comedy, Romance
Actors Jeanne Crain, Lynn Bari, Glenn Langan, Alan Young, Barbara Lawrence, Conrad Janis
Roles Other
Rating71% 3.5910653.5910653.5910653.5910653.591065
In 1946, Margie (Jeanne Crain) is a housewife reminiscing about her high school days with her own teenage daughter, who has just discovered her mother's old photo album in the attic. In a flashback to the 1920s, Margie is a high-spirited girl living with her dominant but good-hearted Grandmother McSweeney (Esther Dale). Her mother has died and her father (Hobart Cavanaugh), the local mortician, lives apart from Margie and her grandmother, only visiting on Wednesday due to his busy work schedule, and sometimes not even staying long enough to see his daughter. The youngest girl in her class, Margie does very well at her schoolwork, but she is not socially adept and wears old-fashioned clothing, including bloomers that frequently fall down. By contrast, her pretty and fashionable neighbor Marybelle Tenor (Barbara Lawrence) wears short skirts and lipstick and dates the popular but dimwitted captain of the football team, Johnny Green (Conrad Janis). Margie secretly has a crush on Johnny, but he regards her as a "pain in the neck". When Margie meets the handsome new French teacher at her high school, Professor Ralph Fontayne (Glenn Langan), she becomes even more smitten with him, and he seems to take an interest in her as well. Meanwhile, Margie's bumbling classmate Roy Hornsdale (Alan Young) is in love with her, and constantly attempts to court her despite her disinterest in him.
The Virginian, 1h27
Directed by Albert Hackett, Frances Goodrich
Origin USA
Genres Romance, Western
Themes Films based on plays
Actors Joel McCrea, Brian Donlevy, Sonny Tufts, Minor Watson, Barbara Britton, Fay Bainter
Roles Other
Rating63% 3.1965753.1965753.1965753.1965753.196575
In 1885, Molly Wood (Barbara Britton) leaves the security (and dullness) of Vermont to be a schoolteacher in frontier Wyoming. On arrival, she becomes frightened by a spooked steer, and is "rescued" by the Virginian (Joel McCrea), only to discover the animal is so mild, it is a little girl's pet. As a result, she takes a strong dislike to the cowboy. He, on the other hand, is smitten with her. When Trampas (Brian Donlevy) voices his scurrilous speculation as to why she came west, the Virginian confronts him and forces him, at gunpoint, to take it back.
Bring on the Girls, 1h32
Directed by Sidney Lanfield
Origin USA
Genres Comedy, Musical theatre, Musical
Themes Films about music and musicians, Musical films
Actors Veronica Lake, Sonny Tufts, Eddie Bracken, Marjorie Reynolds, Peter Whitney, Alan Mowbray
Roles Other
Rating60% 3.00313.00313.00313.00313.0031
Ce film en couleurs et en partie musical est une adaptation de L'Homme qui cherche la vérité, film français d'Alexander Esway sorti en 1940.
Wonder Man
Wonder Man (1945)
, 1h38
Directed by H. Bruce Humberstone
Origin USA
Genres Comedy, Musical theatre, Fantasy, Musical
Themes Films about music and musicians, Ghost films, Musical films
Actors Danny Kaye, Virginia Mayo, Vera-Ellen, Donald Woods, S.Z. Sakall, Allen Jenkins
Roles Other
Rating67% 3.396313.396313.396313.396313.39631
Danny Kaye plays a double role as a pair of estranged "super-identical twins", with very similar looks, but very different personalities. Buster Dingle, who goes by the stage name "Buzzy Bellew", is a loud and goofy performer at a classy nightclub (the Pelican Club), while Edwin Dingle is a studious, quiet bookworm writing a history book. The two brothers have not seen each other for years.
The Spanish Main, 1h40
Directed by Frank Borzage
Origin USA
Genres Drama, Swashbuckler, Action, Adventure, Romance
Themes Seafaring films, Transport films, Pirate films
Actors Paul Henreid, Maureen O'Hara, Walter Slezak, Binnie Barnes, John Emery, Barton MacLane
Roles Other
Rating62% 3.148443.148443.148443.148443.14844
Dutch sea captain Laurent van Horn (Henreid) is shipwrecked off the coast of the Spanish settlement of Cartagena. After being held and sentenced to death, van Horn and his crew manage to escape. Five years later, van Horn has established himself as the mysterious pirate known only by the name of his ship: The Barracuda. After infiltrating the vessel ferrying her to her wedding, they capture Francisca Alvarado (O'Hara) who has been arranged to marry the corrupt governor (Slezak). Wishing to avoid further bloodshed aboard the escort ship, Francisca offers to marry van Horn if he will spare the escort, to which he agrees. Over time Francisca and van Horn become attracted to each other and set out to defeat the villainous governor Don Juan Alvarado and treacherous pirates Du Billar and Capt.